大家好,今天我们要聊一个既严肃又有点“霉”味的话题——生霉的花生和癌症的关系，别急着皱眉头，我知道这个话题听起来有点沉重，但我会尽量用轻松的方式带你们了解这个“霉”好的世界。

生霉的花生，癌症的隐形杀手还是背锅侠？

让我们来认识一下今天的主角——黄曲霉毒素，这是一种由某些霉菌（主要是黄曲霉和寄生曲霉）产生的毒素，它们特别喜欢在温暖潮湿的环境中生长，而花生就是它们的“五星级酒店”，当花生储存不当，比如放在潮湿的地方，这些霉菌就会趁机“入住”，并开始它们的“毒素生产大业”。

黄曲霉毒素可不是什么好东西,它被世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构（IARC）列为1类致癌物，这意味着它有明确的致癌性，它到底会导致什么癌症呢？答案是：肝癌，没错，黄曲霉毒素是肝癌的一个重要诱因。

别急着把家里的花生都扔进垃圾桶,不是所有的花生都会生霉，只有储存不当的花生才会成为黄曲霉的“温床”，即使花生生霉了，也不是所有的霉菌都会产生黄曲霉毒素，关键在于如何正确储存和挑选花生。

如何避免吃到含有黄曲霉毒素的花生呢？这里有几个小贴士：

  1. 储存要得当：花生应该存放在干燥、阴凉的地方，避免潮湿和高温，如果你买的是散装花生，最好放在密封容器中，防止受潮。

  2. 挑选要仔细：购买花生时，要选择外观完整、无霉斑的，如果花生看起来发霉或者有异味，那就别买了。

  3. 烹饪要彻底：即使花生看起来没问题，烹饪时也要彻底加热，因为高温可以破坏黄曲霉毒素。

  4. 多样化饮食：不要只吃花生，多样化饮食可以减少单一食物带来的风险。

让我们来聊聊黄曲霉毒素是如何导致肝癌的,黄曲霉毒素进入人体后，会被肝脏代谢，产生一种叫做AFB1-8,9-环氧化物的物质，这种物质非常活泼，它会与DNA结合，导致DNA损伤，从而引发细胞突变，如果这些突变发生在关键的癌基因或抑癌基因上，就可能导致肝癌的发生。

别担心,人体是有自我修复能力的，我们的肝脏有强大的解毒功能，可以处理掉大部分黄曲霉毒素，只有当长期大量摄入黄曲霉毒素时，才会增加肝癌的风险。

我想说的是,虽然黄曲霉毒素确实有致癌性，但我们不必过于恐慌，只要我们注意花生的储存和挑选，保持健康的饮食习惯，就可以大大降低风险，毕竟，生活中有太多美好的事物等着我们去享受，何必为了一颗可能生霉的花生而忧心忡忡呢？

下次当你看到一颗花生时,不妨对它说：“嘿，小家伙，你可别给我惹麻烦哦！”用正确的方式储存和食用它，让它成为你健康生活的一部分。

英文翻译：

Article Title: Moldy Peanuts: The "Invisible Killer" or "Scapegoat" of Cancer?

Article Content:

Hello everyone, today we're going to talk about a topic that's both serious and a bit "moldy"—the relationship between moldy peanuts and cancer. Don't frown just yet; I know this sounds heavy, but I'll try to make it as light as possible.

First, let's meet today's protagonist—aflatoxin. This is a toxin produced by certain molds (mainly Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) that thrive in warm, humid environments, and peanuts are their "five-star hotel." When peanuts are stored improperly, such as in damp places, these molds take the opportunity to "check in" and start their "toxin production business."

Aflatoxin is no good; it's classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization, meaning it has clear carcinogenic properties. So, what kind of cancer does it cause? The answer is: liver cancer. Yes, aflatoxin is a significant contributor to liver cancer.

But don't rush to throw all your peanuts in the trash. First, not all peanuts get moldy; only improperly stored peanuts become a "breeding ground" for Aspergillus. Second, even if peanuts get moldy, not all molds produce aflatoxin. So, the key is how to store and select peanuts correctly.

So, how to avoid eating peanuts containing aflatoxin? Here are a few tips:

  1. Proper Storage: Peanuts should be stored in a dry, cool place, avoiding moisture and high temperatures. If you buy bulk peanuts, it's best to keep them in a sealed container to prevent dampness.

  2. Careful Selection: When buying peanuts, choose those that look intact and free of mold spots. If the peanuts look moldy or have an off smell, don't buy them.

  3. Thorough Cooking: Even if the peanuts look fine, cook them thoroughly, as high temperatures can destroy aflatoxin.

  4. Diversify Your Diet: Don't just eat peanuts; a varied diet can reduce the risk from a single food source.

Now, let's talk about how aflatoxin causes liver cancer. After entering the body, aflatoxin is metabolized by the liver, producing a substance called AFB1-8,9-epoxide. This substance is very reactive and binds to DNA, causing DNA damage and leading to cell mutations. If these mutations occur in key oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, they can lead to liver cancer.

But don't worry, the human body has self-repair capabilities. Our liver has a powerful detoxification function that can handle most aflatoxins. Only when there is long-term, high-level intake of aflatoxin does the risk of liver cancer increase.

Finally, I want to say that while aflatoxin is indeed carcinogenic, we don't need to panic excessively. As long as we pay attention to the storage and selection of peanuts and maintain a healthy diet, we can significantly reduce the risk. After all, there are too many wonderful things in life to enjoy, so why worry about a potentially moldy peanut?

So, the next time you see a peanut, why not say to it, "Hey, little guy, don't cause me any trouble!" Then, store and eat it correctly, making it a part of your healthy life.

Full English Translation:

Article Title: Moldy Peanuts: The "Invisible Killer" or "Scapegoat" of Cancer?

Article Content:

Hello everyone, today we're going to talk about a topic that's both serious and a bit "moldy"—the relationship between moldy peanuts and cancer. Don't frown just yet; I know this sounds heavy, but I'll try to make it as light as possible.

First, let's meet today's protagonist—aflatoxin. This is a toxin produced by certain molds (mainly Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) that thrive in warm, humid environments, and peanuts are their "five-star hotel." When peanuts are stored improperly, such as in damp places, these molds take the opportunity to "check in" and start their "toxin production business."

Aflatoxin is no good; it's classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization, meaning it has clear carcinogenic properties. So, what kind of cancer does it cause? The answer is: liver cancer. Yes, aflatoxin is a significant contributor to liver cancer.

But don't rush to throw all your peanuts in the trash. First, not all peanuts get moldy; only improperly stored peanuts become a "breeding ground" for Aspergillus. Second, even if peanuts get moldy, not all molds produce aflatoxin. So, the key is how to store and select peanuts correctly.

So, how to avoid eating peanuts containing aflatoxin? Here are a few tips:

  1. Proper Storage: Peanuts should be stored in a dry, cool place, avoiding moisture and high temperatures. If you buy bulk peanuts, it's best to keep them in a sealed container to prevent dampness.

  2. Careful Selection: When buying peanuts, choose those that look intact and free of mold spots. If the peanuts look moldy or have an off smell, don't buy them.

  3. Thorough Cooking: Even if the peanuts look fine, cook them thoroughly, as high temperatures can destroy aflatoxin.

  4. Diversify Your Diet: Don't just eat peanuts; a varied diet can reduce the risk from a single food source.

Now, let's talk about how aflatoxin causes liver cancer. After entering the body, aflatoxin is metabolized by the liver, producing a substance called AFB1-8,9-epoxide. This substance is very reactive and binds to DNA, causing DNA damage and leading to cell mutations. If these mutations occur in key oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, they can lead to liver cancer.

But don't worry, the human body has self-repair capabilities. Our liver has a powerful detoxification function that can handle most aflatoxins. Only when there is long-term, high-level intake of aflatoxin does the risk of liver cancer increase.

Finally, I want to say that while aflatoxin is indeed carcinogenic, we don't need to panic excessively. As long as we pay attention to the storage and selection of peanuts and maintain a healthy diet, we can significantly reduce the risk. After all, there are too many wonderful things in life to enjoy, so why worry about a potentially moldy peanut?

So, the next time you see a peanut, why not say to it, "Hey, little guy, don't cause me any trouble!" Then, store and eat it correctly, making it a part of your healthy life.